Michigan House Bill 5144 of 2023 (Election Law)

• Authority: Michigan
• Parent authority: State governments
• Jurisdiction: United States
• Collections: U.S. state and local documents
• Most recent activity: Enacted
• Most recent activity date: 2023-12-01

Risk subdomain coverage

Good coverage — Comprehensive governance measures or mitigations with clear procedures relating to the risk subdomain are explicitly described.

• False or misleading information
• Pollution of information ecosystem
• Disinformation, surveillance, and influence at scale
• Fraud, scams, and targeted manipulation

Minimal coverage — Brief mention but no specific mitigations, recommendations or governance measures relating to the risk subdomain are described.

• Overreliance and unsafe use
• AI possessing dangerous capabilities

All other risk subdomains had no coverage in this document.

Risk Coverage Summary

The document has good coverage of approximately 5-6 subdomains, with strong focus on malicious actors (4.1, 4.3), misinformation (3.1, 3.2), and human-computer interaction (5.1). Coverage is concentrated in AI misuse for electoral manipulation, deceptive media, and information ecosystem integrity.

Sector coverage

Good coverage — Comprehensive governance measures or mitigations with clear procedures relating to the sector are explicitly described.

• Information
• Public Administration (excl. National Security)

All other sectors had no coverage in this document.

Sectors Summary

This document primarily governs the Information sector (media production and distribution) and Public Administration excluding National Security (electoral processes). It regulates AI-generated media distribution in electoral contexts, affecting media companies, political campaigns, and election administration.

Legislative Status

Hard Law

Legislative Status Summary

This is a binding state legislative act with criminal penalties, enforcement mechanisms, and mandatory prohibitions on distributing AI-generated deceptive media in elections.

Actors

Proposer

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Summary: This is a House Bill enacted by the Michigan State Legislature, as indicated by the title and enacting clause.

Target

• Entity Types: AI_Developer, AI_Deployer, AI_User
• Summary: The law applies broadly to any person who distributes AI-generated deceptive media within 90 days of an election with intent to harm candidates or deceive voters.

Enforcer

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Summary: The attorney general has explicit authority to seek injunctive relief, and circuit courts have jurisdiction to enforce criminal penalties and issue injunctions.

Monitor

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor, Affected_Stakeholder
• Summary: Multiple parties are empowered to monitor compliance and seek injunctive relief, including the attorney general, affected individuals, and organizations representing voters.

AI Lifecycle Stages

Lifecycle stages covered by the documents, as defined in the OECD Framework for the Classification of AI Systems

• Deploy
• Operate and Monitor

AI Lifecycle Summary

The document primarily focuses on the Deploy and Operate and Monitor stages, as it regulates the distribution and use of AI-generated media in electoral contexts. It does not address earlier stages like planning, data collection, or model development.

Technical Scope

Terms relating to technical scope that are mentioned or implicitly referenced in the document

• Generative AI

Technical Scope Summary

The document explicitly mentions artificial intelligence in the context of media generation. It does not distinguish between different types of AI (frontier, general purpose, task-specific, etc.) or mention compute thresholds or open-weight models. The focus is on AI-generated deceptive media (images, audio, video).