Improving Diagnosis in Medicine Act of 2024

• Authority: United States Congress
• Parent authority: Federal government
• Jurisdiction: United States
• Collections: U.S. state and local documents
• Most recent activity: Defunct
• Most recent activity date: 2025-01-03

Risk subdomain coverage

Minimal coverage — Brief mention but no specific mitigations, recommendations or governance measures relating to the risk subdomain are described.

• Unfair discrimination and misrepresentation
• Unequal performance across groups
• Lack of capability or robustness

All other risk subdomains had no coverage in this document.

Risk Coverage Summary

The document has minimal coverage of AI risk domains, with limited explicit focus on AI-specific risks. Primary coverage relates to AI system safety and robustness (7.3) in the context of diagnostic tools, with implicit mentions of discrimination concerns (1.1, 1.3) through disparities research. The document focuses on healthcare quality improvement rather than comprehensive AI risk mitigation.

Sector coverage

Good coverage — Comprehensive governance measures or mitigations with clear procedures relating to the sector are explicitly described.

• Scientific Research & Development Services
• Health Care & Social Assistance
• Public Administration (excl. National Security)

Minimal coverage — Brief mention but no specific mitigations, recommendations or governance measures relating to the sector are described.

• Information
• Educational Services
• National Security

All other sectors had no coverage in this document.

Sectors Summary

This legislation primarily governs the Health Care and Social Assistance sector through comprehensive diagnostic safety and quality improvement programs. It also has secondary coverage of Scientific Research and Development Services through establishment of research centers and programs, and minimal coverage of Educational Services through fellowship and training provisions.

Legislative Status

Hard Law

Legislative Status Summary

This is a binding legislative act from the United States Congress with mandatory language establishing programs, requiring specific actions, and appropriating federal funds with legal obligations.

Actors

Proposer

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Entities: United States Congress; Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America
• Summary: The document is a Congressional bill proposed by the United States Congress, as indicated by the standard legislative format and enactment clause.

Target

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor, AI_Developer, AI_Deployer
• Entities: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ); National Institutes of Health; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services; Department of Veterans Affairs; Department of Defense; Food and Drug Administration; health care improvement research centers; academic medical and institutional research centers; provider-based research networks; nonprofit entity that convenes a coalition of diverse health care stakeholders
• Summary: The Act primarily targets federal health agencies and research institutions that will implement diagnostic safety programs, with secondary targets being healthcare providers and researchers who will participate in research centers and quality improvement initiatives.

Enforcer

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Entities: Director of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality; Secretary of Health and Human Services; Interagency Council on Improving Diagnosis in Health Care; National Coordinator for Health Information Technology; Chief Data Officer of the Department of Health and Human Services; Chief Artificial Intelligence Officer of the Department of Health and Human Services
• Summary: The Director of AHRQ is the primary enforcer responsible for establishing and overseeing the research program, with the Secretary of HHS and the Interagency Council providing coordination and strategic oversight.

Monitor

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Entities: Interagency Council on Improving Diagnosis in Health Care; Congress; National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
• Summary: The Interagency Council is responsible for developing strategic plans and reporting to Congress on progress. Congress receives biennial reports, and the National Academies will conduct an independent study on disparities.

AI Lifecycle Stages

Lifecycle stages covered by the documents, as defined in the OECD Framework for the Classification of AI Systems

• Plan and Design
• Collect and Process Data
• Build and Use Model
• Verify and Validate
• Deploy
• Operate and Monitor

AI Lifecycle Summary

The document addresses multiple AI lifecycle stages with primary focus on deployment and operational monitoring of AI-enabled diagnostic tools. It covers planning and design through research program establishment, verification through quality improvement research, deployment through implementation of AI tools in clinical practice, and ongoing monitoring through quality measurement and improvement activities.

Technical Scope

Terms relating to technical scope that are mentioned or implicitly referenced in the document

• AI Systems

Technical Scope Summary

The document explicitly mentions AI-enabled tools in the context of diagnostic healthcare applications. It references 'digital- and artificial intelligence-enabled tools' and involves the Chief Artificial Intelligence Officer in data planning. However, it does not define specific AI model types, compute thresholds, or distinguish between frontier, general purpose, or task-specific AI systems.