HR 4141 Advanced Weather Model Computing Development Act 2025

• Authority: United States Congress
• Parent authority: Federal government
• Jurisdiction: United States
• Collections: U.S. federal laws
• Most recent activity: Proposed
• Most recent activity date: 2025-06-25

Risk subdomain coverage

All other risk subdomains had no coverage in this document.

Risk Coverage Summary

This document has minimal to no coverage of AI risk domains. It is primarily an enabling statute focused on leveraging AI and machine learning to improve weather prediction computing capabilities at NOAA, rather than addressing AI harms or risks. The document establishes infrastructure, research initiatives, and strategic planning requirements but does not substantively address AI safety concerns, security vulnerabilities, or potential harms from AI systems.

Sector coverage

Good coverage — Comprehensive governance measures or mitigations with clear procedures relating to the sector are explicitly described.

• Scientific Research & Development Services
• Public Administration (excl. National Security)

All other sectors had no coverage in this document.

Sectors Summary

This legislation primarily governs AI use within Public Administration (specifically NOAA and DOE operations) and Scientific Research and Development Services. The document directs government agencies to leverage AI for weather prediction, climate forecasting, and related scientific missions. It does not regulate private sector entities.

Legislative Status

Hard Law

Legislative Status Summary

This is a Congressional bill (HR 4141) that would create binding legal obligations on federal agencies (NOAA and DOE) once enacted. It uses mandatory language throughout and establishes enforceable requirements including reporting obligations to Congressional committees.

Actors

Proposer

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Summary: The bill was introduced by specific Congressional representatives and referred to Congressional committees with jurisdiction over the subject matter. This is a legislative proposal from the U.S. Congress.

Target

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Summary: The bill directs federal agencies - specifically NOAA (through the Under Secretary) and the Department of Energy - to conduct collaborative research, leverage AI technologies, establish centers of excellence, and develop strategic plans for high-performance computing.

Enforcer

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Summary: Congressional committees are designated as the recipients of mandatory reports and briefings, providing oversight and enforcement authority through the legislative branch's oversight powers.

Monitor

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Summary: The bill establishes ongoing monitoring through mandatory annual briefings to Congress until 2030 and requires evaluation of progress toward strategic plan objectives. Congressional committees receive reports and briefings to monitor implementation.

AI Lifecycle Stages

Lifecycle stages covered by the documents, as defined in the OECD Framework for the Classification of AI Systems

• Plan and Design
• Collect and Process Data
• Build and Use Model
• Verify and Validate
• Deploy
• Operate and Monitor

AI Lifecycle Summary

The document comprehensively addresses multiple AI lifecycle stages with particular emphasis on planning, design, and operational monitoring. It mandates strategic planning for AI-enabled computing infrastructure, addresses data management and processing needs, requires development of AI/ML tools and models for weather prediction, and establishes ongoing monitoring through annual Congressional briefings. The document covers the full lifecycle from conception through deployment and operational oversight.

Technical Scope

Terms relating to technical scope that are mentioned or implicitly referenced in the document

• AI Models
• AI Systems
• Predictive AI
• Task-specific AI

Technical Scope Summary

The document explicitly mentions AI systems, models, and machine learning technologies applied to weather and climate prediction. It addresses task-specific predictive AI for weather forecasting and does not reference frontier AI, general purpose AI, foundation models, or generative AI. No specific compute thresholds (FLOPs) are mentioned, though high-performance and quantum computing capabilities are discussed.