HR 6356 Artificial Intelligence Civil Rights Act of 2025

• Authority: United States Congress
• Parent authority: Federal government
• Jurisdiction: United States
• Collections: U.S. federal laws
• Most recent activity: Proposed
• Most recent activity date: 2025-12-02

Risk subdomain coverage

Good coverage — Comprehensive governance measures or mitigations with clear procedures relating to the risk subdomain are explicitly described.

• Unfair discrimination and misrepresentation
• Unequal performance across groups
• Loss of human agency and autonomy
• Lack of capability or robustness
• Lack of transparency or interpretability

Minimal coverage — Brief mention but no specific mitigations, recommendations or governance measures relating to the risk subdomain are described.

• Compromise of privacy
• AI system security vulnerabilities
• False or misleading information
• Fraud, scams, and targeted manipulation
• Overreliance and unsafe use
• Increased inequality and decline in employment

All other risk subdomains had no coverage in this document.

Risk Coverage Summary

The document has good coverage of approximately 8-10 subdomains, with strong focus on discrimination and toxicity (1.1, 1.3), privacy compromise (2.1), AI system security (2.2), misinformation (3.1), lack of transparency (7.4), and lack of robustness (7.3). Coverage is concentrated in fairness, transparency, and AI system reliability domains.

Sector coverage

Good coverage — Comprehensive governance measures or mitigations with clear procedures relating to the sector are explicitly described.

• Trade, Transportation & Utilities
• Finance & Insurance
• Real Estate, Rental & Leasing
• Educational Services
• Health Care & Social Assistance
• Accommodation, Food & Other Services
• Public Administration (excl. National Security)
• National Security

Minimal coverage — Brief mention but no specific mitigations, recommendations or governance measures relating to the sector are described.

• Agriculture, Mining, Construction & Manufacturing
• Information
• Professional & Technical Services
• Scientific Research & Development Services
• Management, Administrative & Support Services
• Arts, Entertainment & Recreation

All other sectors had no coverage in this document.

Sectors Summary

This legislation governs AI use across virtually all economic sectors through its definition of 'consequential actions.' It has particularly detailed coverage of Employment, Educational Services, Health Care and Social Assistance, Finance and Insurance, Housing (Real Estate), Criminal Justice (Public Administration and National Security), and Government Benefits. The law applies to any developer or deployer using covered algorithms for consequential actions in these domains.

Legislative Status

Hard Law

Legislative Status Summary

This is a binding federal statute with mandatory obligations, enforcement mechanisms including FTC enforcement, state attorney general enforcement, and private right of action, with specific civil penalties of $15,000 per violation or 4% of annual revenue.

Actors

Proposer

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Summary: The document is a congressional bill (H.R. 6356) introduced in the House of Representatives by Ms. Clarke of New York with multiple co-sponsors, referred to the Committee on Energy and Commerce and the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform.

Target

• Entity Types: AI_Developer, AI_Deployer
• Summary: The document explicitly defines and regulates 'developers' (persons who design, code, customize, produce, or substantially modify algorithms) and 'deployers' (persons who use covered algorithms for commercial acts), establishing comprehensive obligations for both categories.

Enforcer

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Summary: The document establishes the FTC as the primary enforcement authority, grants enforcement powers to state attorneys general, and creates a private right of action for individuals. The FTC is authorized to promulgate rules and conduct investigations.

Monitor

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Summary: The FTC is required to publish annual reports summarizing pre-deployment evaluations and impact assessments, maintain a publicly accessible repository, and monitor compliance. Independent auditors conduct evaluations and assessments. The document also establishes reporting requirements to the Commission.

AI Lifecycle Stages

Lifecycle stages covered by the documents, as defined in the OECD Framework for the Classification of AI Systems

• Plan and Design
• Collect and Process Data
• Build and Use Model
• Verify and Validate
• Deploy
• Operate and Monitor

AI Lifecycle Summary

The document comprehensively covers multiple AI lifecycle stages with primary focus on Verify and Validate, Deploy, and Operate and Monitor stages. It requires pre-deployment evaluations, annual impact assessments, and ongoing monitoring. The Plan and Design stage is addressed through stakeholder consultation requirements, while Build and Use Model is covered through training data and methodology documentation requirements.

Technical Scope

Terms relating to technical scope that are mentioned or implicitly referenced in the document

• AI Models
• AI Systems

Technical Scope Summary

The document focuses on 'covered algorithms' defined as computational processes derived from machine learning, natural language processing, artificial intelligence techniques, or similar complexity that make or facilitate consequential decisions. It does not explicitly mention frontier AI, general purpose AI, foundation models, generative AI, predictive AI, open-weight models, or compute thresholds. The scope is defined functionally based on use in consequential actions rather than by model type or capability.