HR 6306 AI Fraud Deterrence Act 2025 (AI for the commission of financial crimes)

• Authority: United States Congress
• Parent authority: Federal government
• Jurisdiction: United States
• Collections: U.S. federal laws
• Most recent activity: Proposed
• Most recent activity date: 2025-11-25

Risk subdomain coverage

Good coverage — Comprehensive governance measures or mitigations with clear procedures relating to the risk subdomain are explicitly described.

• Disinformation, surveillance, and influence at scale
• Fraud, scams, and targeted manipulation

Minimal coverage — Brief mention but no specific mitigations, recommendations or governance measures relating to the risk subdomain are described.

• AI system security vulnerabilities
• False or misleading information
• Cyberattacks, weapon development or use
• AI possessing dangerous capabilities

All other risk subdomains had no coverage in this document.

Risk Coverage Summary

The document has good coverage of approximately 5 subdomains, with primary focus on malicious actors using AI for fraud, scams, and targeted manipulation (4.3), disinformation and surveillance (4.1), and cyberattacks (4.2). It also addresses false information (3.1) through AI impersonation provisions and AI security vulnerabilities (2.2). Coverage is concentrated almost entirely in the malicious actors domain.

Sector coverage

Good coverage — Comprehensive governance measures or mitigations with clear procedures relating to the sector are explicitly described.

• Finance & Insurance
• Public Administration (excl. National Security)

Minimal coverage — Brief mention but no specific mitigations, recommendations or governance measures relating to the sector are described.

• Trade, Transportation & Utilities
• Information
• Arts, Entertainment & Recreation
• National Security

All other sectors had no coverage in this document.

Sectors Summary

The document primarily governs criminal activities involving AI across multiple sectors, with explicit focus on Finance and Insurance (bank fraud, money laundering), Information (wire fraud), and Public Administration (impersonation of federal officials). It applies broadly to any sector where these financial crimes or impersonation could occur.

Legislative Status

Hard Law

Legislative Status Summary

This is a federal statute from the United States Congress that amends the U.S. Criminal Code (Title 18) to establish binding criminal penalties with specific fines and imprisonment terms for AI-assisted financial crimes.

Actors

Proposer

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Entities: United States Congress; Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America
• Summary: The document is a bill proposed by Congress, as evidenced by the enacting clause and legislative format.

Target

• Entity Types: AI_User, AI_Developer, AI_Deployer
• Summary: The bill targets any person who commits financial crimes (mail fraud, wire fraud, bank fraud, money laundering) or impersonates federal officials with the assistance of artificial intelligence. This could include individuals using AI systems, developers who create tools for fraud, or deployers who facilitate such use.

Enforcer

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Summary: While not explicitly named, the enforcement of federal criminal statutes under Title 18 of the U.S. Code is conducted by federal law enforcement agencies (FBI, Secret Service, etc.) and prosecuted by the Department of Justice in federal courts.

Monitor

• Summary: The document does not specify any monitoring bodies or mechanisms for tracking implementation or compliance with these criminal penalties.

AI Lifecycle Stages

Lifecycle stages covered by the documents, as defined in the OECD Framework for the Classification of AI Systems

• Deploy
• Operate and Monitor

AI Lifecycle Summary

The document does not focus on AI development lifecycle stages but rather on the misuse of AI systems in criminal activities. It implicitly covers the Deploy and Operate stages only in the context of AI being deployed and used for fraud, impersonation, and financial crimes.

Technical Scope

Terms relating to technical scope that are mentioned or implicitly referenced in the document

• AI Systems
• Generative AI

Technical Scope Summary

The document references AI broadly through the National Artificial Intelligence Initiative Act of 2020 definition but does not specify particular AI types, models, or technical characteristics. No mention of frontier AI, GPAI, foundation models, compute thresholds, or open-source models.