Republic of Ghana National Artificial Intelligence Strategy: 2023-2033

• Authority: Other authorities
• Collections: Miscellaneous documents
• Most recent activity: Enacted
• Most recent activity date: 2023-10-01

Risk subdomain coverage

Good coverage — Comprehensive governance measures or mitigations with clear procedures relating to the risk subdomain are explicitly described.

• Governance failure

Minimal coverage — Brief mention but no specific mitigations, recommendations or governance measures relating to the risk subdomain are described.

• Unfair discrimination and misrepresentation
• Unequal performance across groups
• Compromise of privacy
• AI system security vulnerabilities
• False or misleading information
• Disinformation, surveillance, and influence at scale
• Power centralization and unfair distribution
• Increased inequality and decline in employment
• Lack of capability or robustness
• Lack of transparency or interpretability

All other risk subdomains had no coverage in this document.

Risk Coverage Summary

The document has good coverage of approximately 10-12 subdomains, with strong focus on governance failure (6.5), lack of robustness (7.3), lack of transparency (7.4), unfair discrimination (1.1), privacy compromise (2.1), security vulnerabilities (2.2), false information (3.1), increased inequality (6.2), and power centralization (6.1). Coverage is concentrated in governance, system safety, discrimination, and socioeconomic domains.

Sector coverage

Good coverage — Comprehensive governance measures or mitigations with clear procedures relating to the sector are explicitly described.

• Agriculture, Mining, Construction & Manufacturing
• Trade, Transportation & Utilities
• Finance & Insurance
• Scientific Research & Development Services
• Educational Services
• Health Care & Social Assistance
• Public Administration (excl. National Security)

Minimal coverage — Brief mention but no specific mitigations, recommendations or governance measures relating to the sector are described.

• Information
• Professional & Technical Services

All other sectors had no coverage in this document.

Sectors Summary

The strategy governs AI adoption across multiple sectors with explicit focus on healthcare, agriculture, transportation, energy, financial services, environment, education, and public administration. The document provides comprehensive guidance for AI implementation across Ghana's economy with particular emphasis on public sector transformation and key economic sectors.

Legislative Status

Soft Law

Legislative Status Summary

This is a national AI strategy document that provides recommendations, guidance, and a framework for AI development in Ghana. It uses predominantly voluntary and aspirational language ('should', 'recommend', 'aims to') without establishing binding legal obligations, enforcement mechanisms, or penalties for non-compliance.

Actors

Proposer

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Summary: The document explicitly states that the Government of Ghana through the Ministry of Communications and Digitalisation led the development with support from international partners. The Data Protection Commission collaborated in the development process.

Target

• Entity Types: AI_Developer, AI_Deployer, AI_Governance_Actor, Affected_Stakeholder
• Summary: The strategy targets multiple stakeholder groups including AI developers and start-ups, public sector agencies adopting AI, educational institutions, and the broader Ghanaian population. The document addresses AI ecosystem development across all sectors.

Enforcer

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Summary: The document proposes establishing a Responsible AI Office to lead implementation and coordinate stakeholders. Existing institutions like the Data Protection Commission and Cyber Security Authority are assigned enforcement roles for data governance policies.

Monitor

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Summary: The proposed Responsible AI Office is explicitly tasked with ongoing monitoring and evaluation of Ghana's AI efforts, including quarterly monitoring and measurement of the National AI Strategy implementation.

AI Lifecycle Stages

Lifecycle stages covered by the documents, as defined in the OECD Framework for the Classification of AI Systems

• Plan and Design
• Collect and Process Data
• Build and Use Model
• Verify and Validate
• Deploy
• Operate and Monitor

AI Lifecycle Summary

The document covers all stages of the AI lifecycle with particular emphasis on Build and Use Model, Deploy, and Operate and Monitor stages. It addresses planning through strategic frameworks, data collection through open data initiatives, model development through education and research programs, validation through ethical guidelines, deployment through sector adoption, and monitoring through the proposed Responsible AI Office.

Technical Scope

Terms relating to technical scope that are mentioned or implicitly referenced in the document

• AI Models
• AI Systems
• General Purpose AI
• Generative AI
• Predictive AI

Technical Scope Summary

The document uses the broad term 'artificial intelligence (AI)' and 'machine learning (ML)' throughout but does not explicitly define or distinguish between AI models, AI systems, frontier AI, general purpose AI, task-specific AI, foundation models, generative AI, predictive AI, open-weight models, or compute thresholds. The focus is on AI as a general-purpose technology and its applications.