Governance Principles for a New Generation of Artificial Intelligence: Develop Responsible Artificial Intelligence

• Authority: Chinese central government
• Jurisdiction: China
• Collections: Chinese law and policy
• Most recent activity: Enacted
• Most recent activity date: 2019-06-17

Risk subdomain coverage

Minimal coverage — Brief mention but no specific mitigations, recommendations or governance measures relating to the risk subdomain are described.

• Unfair discrimination and misrepresentation
• Unequal performance across groups
• Compromise of privacy
• AI system security vulnerabilities
• False or misleading information
• Disinformation, surveillance, and influence at scale
• Cyberattacks, weapon development or use
• Fraud, scams, and targeted manipulation
• Overreliance and unsafe use
• Loss of human agency and autonomy
• Power centralization and unfair distribution
• Increased inequality and decline in employment
• Economic and cultural devaluation of human effort
• Competitive dynamics
• Governance failure
• Environmental harm
• AI pursuing its own goals
• AI possessing dangerous capabilities
• Lack of capability or robustness
• Lack of transparency or interpretability

All other risk subdomains had no coverage in this document.

Risk Coverage Summary

The document provides minimal to basic coverage across multiple risk domains, with primary focus on fairness and discrimination (1.1, 1.3), privacy (2.1), misinformation risks (3.1), malicious use prevention (4.1, 4.2, 4.3), human-AI interaction (5.1, 5.2), socioeconomic impacts (6.1, 6.2, 6.3), and AI system safety (7.1, 7.3, 7.4). Coverage is generally aspirational and principle-based rather than detailed, with most subdomains receiving minimal coverage scores of 2.

Sector coverage

Minimal coverage — Brief mention but no specific mitigations, recommendations or governance measures relating to the sector are described.

• Agriculture, Mining, Construction & Manufacturing
• Trade, Transportation & Utilities
• Information
• Finance & Insurance
• Real Estate, Rental & Leasing
• Professional & Technical Services
• Scientific Research & Development Services
• Management, Administrative & Support Services
• Educational Services
• Health Care & Social Assistance
• Arts, Entertainment & Recreation
• Accommodation, Food & Other Services
• Public Administration (excl. National Security)
• National Security

All other sectors had no coverage in this document.

Sectors Summary

This document provides cross-sectoral governance principles applicable to AI development and deployment across all economic sectors. It does not focus on specific industries but rather establishes broad principles for responsible AI that would apply to any sector utilizing AI technology.

Legislative Status

Soft Law

Legislative Status Summary

This document is a set of aspirational principles issued by an expert committee using entirely voluntary language ('should') with no enforcement mechanisms, penalties, or binding obligations.

Actors

Proposer

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Summary: The document is explicitly issued by the National New Generation Artificial Intelligence Governance Expert Committee, as stated at the end of the document with the date June 17, 2019.

Target

• Entity Types: AI_Developer, AI_Deployer, AI_User
• Summary: The document explicitly states that 'various parties related to AI development should adhere to the following principles' and later specifies 'AI developers, users, and other interested parties' as having responsibilities.

Enforcer

• Summary: No enforcement body or enforcement mechanisms are specified in this document. The principles are voluntary and rely on self-discipline rather than external enforcement.

Monitor

• Summary: No monitoring body or monitoring mechanisms are specified in this document. The document mentions the need for governance systems but does not designate specific monitoring entities.

AI Lifecycle Stages

Lifecycle stages covered by the documents, as defined in the OECD Framework for the Classification of AI Systems

• Plan and Design
• Collect and Process Data
• Build and Use Model
• Verify and Validate
• Deploy
• Operate and Monitor

AI Lifecycle Summary

The document addresses multiple stages of the AI lifecycle with emphasis on development, deployment, and ongoing operation. It covers design principles (Plan and Design), data handling (Collect and Process Data), model development (Build and Use Model), and particularly emphasizes monitoring and governance throughout the lifecycle (Operate and Monitor).

Technical Scope

Terms relating to technical scope that are mentioned or implicitly referenced in the document

• AI Systems

Technical Scope Summary

The document uses general terminology referring to 'AI', 'AI systems', and 'AI development' without distinguishing between specific technical categories such as AI models vs. systems, or general-purpose vs. task-specific AI. There is no mention of compute thresholds, foundation models, or open-weight models.