New York S 934 (Requires warnings on generative artificial intelligence systems)

• Authority: New York
• Parent authority: State governments
• Jurisdiction: United States
• Collections: U.S. state and local documents
• Most recent activity: Proposed
• Most recent activity date: 2026-03-09

Risk subdomain coverage

Minimal coverage — Brief mention but no specific mitigations, recommendations or governance measures relating to the risk subdomain are described.

• False or misleading information
• Overreliance and unsafe use
• Lack of capability or robustness
• Lack of transparency or interpretability

All other risk subdomains had no coverage in this document.

Risk Coverage Summary

The document has minimal coverage of approximately 4 risk subdomains, primarily focused on misinformation (3.1), user interaction risks (5.1), and system limitations (7.3, 7.4). The coverage is concentrated on requiring disclosure of AI system inaccuracies rather than comprehensive risk mitigation.

Sector coverage

All other sectors had no coverage in this document.

Sectors Summary

This is a horizontal regulation that applies to generative AI systems across all economic sectors without sector-specific provisions. The law governs any owner, licensee, or operator of generative AI systems regardless of industry, making it broadly applicable but not explicitly mentioning any particular sector.

Legislative Status

Hard Law

Legislative Status Summary

This is a binding state statute with mandatory language ('SHALL'), civil penalties up to $1,000 per violation, and formal legislative authority through the New York State Legislature amending the general business law.

Actors

Proposer

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Entities: New York State Senate; New York State Legislature
• Summary: This is Senate Bill 934 proposed by the New York State Legislature as indicated by the formal enactment clause and bill designation.

Target

• Entity Types: AI_Developer, AI_Deployer
• Summary: The law explicitly targets owners, licensees, or operators of generative artificial intelligence systems, which would include both developers who own the systems and deployers who license or operate them.

Enforcer

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Summary: The document does not explicitly name an enforcement body, but the civil penalty mechanism implies New York state enforcement agencies would have authority to assess penalties for violations.

Monitor

• Summary: No monitoring body or mechanism is explicitly mentioned in the document. The law relies on complaint-driven enforcement rather than proactive monitoring.

AI Lifecycle Stages

Lifecycle stages covered by the documents, as defined in the OECD Framework for the Classification of AI Systems

• Deploy
• Operate and Monitor

AI Lifecycle Summary

The document primarily addresses the Deploy and Operate & Monitor stages of the AI lifecycle by requiring ongoing display of inaccuracy warnings on user interfaces of deployed generative AI systems. It does not cover earlier stages like planning, data collection, or model development.

Technical Scope

Terms relating to technical scope that are mentioned or implicitly referenced in the document

• AI Models
• AI Systems
• Generative AI

Technical Scope Summary

The document explicitly defines and covers both AI systems and generative AI systems specifically. It provides detailed definitions of artificial intelligence and generative artificial intelligence systems. No mention of frontier AI, GPAI, foundation models, or compute thresholds.