New York S 7599 (Relates to automated decision-making by government agencies)

• Authority: New York
• Parent authority: State governments
• Jurisdiction: United States
• Collections: U.S. state and local documents
• Most recent activity: Enacted
• Most recent activity date: 2025-12-19

Risk subdomain coverage

Good coverage — Comprehensive governance measures or mitigations with clear procedures relating to the risk subdomain are explicitly described.

• Unfair discrimination and misrepresentation
• Unequal performance across groups
• AI system security vulnerabilities
• Overreliance and unsafe use
• Loss of human agency and autonomy
• Increased inequality and decline in employment
• Lack of capability or robustness
• Lack of transparency or interpretability

Minimal coverage — Brief mention but no specific mitigations, recommendations or governance measures relating to the risk subdomain are described.

• Compromise of privacy
• False or misleading information
• Economic and cultural devaluation of human effort
• AI pursuing its own goals

All other risk subdomains had no coverage in this document.

Risk Coverage Summary

The document provides good coverage of approximately 10-11 risk subdomains. Strong focus on discrimination and fairness risks (1.1, 1.3), privacy and security (2.1, 2.2), human oversight and agency (5.1, 5.2), employment impacts (6.2, 6.3), and system transparency and robustness (7.1, 7.3, 7.4). Coverage is concentrated in fairness, transparency, human oversight, and employment protection domains.

Sector coverage

Good coverage — Comprehensive governance measures or mitigations with clear procedures relating to the sector are explicitly described.

• Educational Services
• Public Administration (excl. National Security)

Minimal coverage — Brief mention but no specific mitigations, recommendations or governance measures relating to the sector are described.

• Health Care & Social Assistance

All other sectors had no coverage in this document.

Sectors Summary

This document primarily governs the Public Administration sector, with extensive specific provisions for Educational Services. It applies to all New York government agencies at state, county, city, town, and village levels, including public authorities, educational institutions, and civil service operations.

Legislative Status

Hard Law

Legislative Status Summary

This is a binding New York State legislative act with extensive mandatory language ('shall', 'must', 'required') that creates legally enforceable obligations on government agencies to conduct impact assessments, publish disclosures, and cease use of discriminatory AI tools.

Actors

Proposer

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Entities: The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assembly; New York State Senate; New York State Assembly
• Summary: The document is a New York State legislative act proposed and enacted by the State Legislature, as indicated by the formal enactment clause.

Target

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor, AI_Deployer
• Entities: New York State government agencies; counties; cities; towns; villages; school districts; State University of New York; City University of New York; public authorities; public benefit corporations
• Summary: The document explicitly targets government agencies that utilize automated decision-making tools, with extensive definition of what constitutes a government agency including state, local, educational, and public authorities.

Enforcer

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Entities: The Governor of New York; Temporary President of the Senate; Speaker of the Assembly; State Technology Office
• Summary: Enforcement authority is distributed among the Governor, legislative leadership who receive mandatory submissions, and the state technology office which maintains oversight inventory. Agencies themselves are required to cease use of discriminatory tools.

Monitor

• Entity Types: AI_Governance_Actor
• Entities: State Technology Office; The Governor; Temporary President of the Senate; Speaker of the Assembly
• Summary: The state technology office explicitly maintains an inventory and monitoring system. The Governor and legislative leaders receive regular submissions and impact assessments for ongoing oversight.

AI Lifecycle Stages

Lifecycle stages covered by the documents, as defined in the OECD Framework for the Classification of AI Systems

• Plan and Design
• Collect and Process Data
• Build and Use Model
• Verify and Validate
• Deploy
• Operate and Monitor

AI Lifecycle Summary

The document comprehensively covers all AI lifecycle stages from planning through ongoing monitoring. It requires detailed documentation of planning objectives, data collection and processing, model building and algorithms, verification and validation testing, pre-deployment submissions, and operational monitoring through biennial impact assessments.

Technical Scope

Terms relating to technical scope that are mentioned or implicitly referenced in the document

• AI Models
• AI Systems

Technical Scope Summary

The document explicitly defines and covers 'automated decision-making tools' and references 'artificial intelligence systems' as defined in another section of state technology law. It does not specifically mention frontier AI, general purpose AI, foundation models, generative AI, predictive AI, compute thresholds, or open-weight models. The focus is on automated decision-making tools used by government agencies regardless of the specific AI technology type.